John has always traveled (present perfect) a lot.
Has John always traveled?
In fact, he was (simple past) only two
years old when he first
How old was he/John when he
first flew?
When did he take his first
flight to the U.S.?
He took his first flight at the
age of 2?
How old was he when he first
flew?
How old was he at the time of his
first flight?
flew (simple
past) to the US. His mother is (simple present) Italian
What nationality is his mother?
What’s his mother’s
nationality?
What are the nationalities of
his parents/father and mother?
His mother is Italian. His father is American.
and his father is (simple present) American.
John was (simple past)
born in France,
Where was John born?
but his parents had met (past perfect) in Cologne,
Germany
Where had they(his parents)
met?
after they had been living (past perfect progressive/continuous) there for
five years.
How many years had they been
living there?
They met (simple past) one day while John's father was
How did they meet?
reading (past
continuous) a book in the library
What was the father doing when
they met?
and his mother sat (simple past) down beside him. Anyway, John
travels (simple present)
a lot
Does John travel a lot?
Why does John travel a lot?
because his parents also travel (simple present)a lot.
Do his parents travel a lot?
As a matter of fact, John is visiting (present continuous)
What is John doing now?
Is John visiting his parents?
his parents in France at the moment. He lives (simple present)
Where does he/John live?
in New York now, but has
been visiting (present
perfect continuous) his parents for the past few weeks.
What has he been doing
(lately/recently)?
Has he been visiting his
parents for the past few weeks?
Who has he been visiting
(lately/recently)?
He really enjoys (simple present) living in New York,
Does he enjoy living in New
York?
but he also loves (simple present) coming to
visit his parents at least once a year.
Does he love visiting his
parents?
What does he love to do?
Who does he love to visit?
This year he has flown (present perfect) over 50,000 miles
How many miles has he flown for his job?
Why has he flown over 50,000 miles?
When has he flown over 50,000 miles?
Has he flown over 50,000 miles?
How many miles has he flown for his job?
for his job. He has been working (present perfect continuous) for Jackson & Co.
for almost two years now.
Has he been working for Jackson
& Co for almost two years?
For whom has he been working
for almost two years?
How long has he been working
for Jackson & Co?
He's pretty sure that he'll be working (future progressive/continuous) for them
next year as well.
Is he pretty sure that he’ll be
working for them next year?
Will he be working for them
next year?
His job requires (simple present) a lot of travel.
Does his job require a lot of
travel?
What does his job require?
In fact, by the end of this year, he'll have traveled (future perfect) over 120,000
miles!
How many miles will he have
traveled by the end of this year?
Will he have traveled over
120,000 miles by the end of this year?
His next journey will be (future aspect) to Australia.
Where will his next journey be?
He really doesn't like (simple present) going to
Australia because it is so far.
Does he like going to
Australia?
Why doesn’t he like going to
Australia?
This time he is going to fly (present continuous/future aspect) from Paris after
a meeting with the company's French partner.
What is he going to do after
his meeting?
When will he fly from Paris?
He'll have been sitting (future perfect continuous) for over 18 hours by
the time he arrives (simple
present)!
How long will he have been sitting
by the time he arrives?
John was talking (past continuous) with his
parents earlier
With whom was John talking earlier?
this evening when his girlfriend
from New York telephoned (simple
past)
What did his girlfriend do?
to let him know that Jackson
& Co. had decided (past
perfect) to merge with a company in Australia.
What had Jackson & Co. decided to do?
The two companies had been
negotiating (past perfect
continuous) for the past month,
What had the two companies been doing for the past month?
so it really wasn't (simple past) much of a surprise.
Was the merger much of a surprise?
Of course, this means that John
will (future aspect) have to catch the next plane back to New York. He'll be
meeting (future
progressive/continuous) with his boss at this time tomorrow.
What will John be doing at this time tomorrow?
John has always traveled a lot. In fact, he was only two years old when he first flew to the US. His mother is Italian and his father is American. John was born in France, but his parents had met in Cologne, Germany after they had been living there for five years. They met one day while John's father was reading a book in the library and his mother sat down beside him. Anyway, John travels a lot because his parents also travel a lot.
As a matter of fact, John is visiting his parents in France at the moment. He lives in New York now, but has been visiting his parents for the past few weeks. He really enjoys living in New York, but he also loves coming to visit his parents at least once a year.
This year he has flown over 50,000 miles for his job. He has been working for Jackson & Co. for almost two years now. He's pretty sure that he'll be working for them next year as well. His job requires a lot of travel. In fact, by the end of this year, he'll have traveled over 120,000 miles! His next journey will be to Australia. He really doesn't like going to Australia because it is so far. This time he is going to fly from Paris after a meeting with the company's French partner. He'll have been sitting for over 18 hours by the time he arrives!
John was talking with his parents earlier this evening when his girlfriend from New York telephoned to let him know that Jackson & Co. had decided to merge with a company in Australia. The two companies had been negotiating for the past month, so it really wasn't much of a surprise. Of course, this means that John will have to catch the next plane back to New York. He'll be meeting with his boss at this time tomorrow.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Aspects:
Aspects:
The four aspects are:
Examples
of Aspect
Here are some examples of the aspects
in sentences:
·
He took the photos.
(simple aspect - no emphasis of
completed or on-going action)
·
He had taken the photos by the time the owner
arrived.
(perfect aspect - action completed)
·
He was taking the photos when the owner arrived.
(progressive aspect - action on going)
·
He had been taking the photos before the owner
arrived.
(perfect progressive aspect - action on
going but then finished)
These sentences are all in the past tense,
but they all have a different aspect. Remember, we need aspect to tell us
whether the action was on going or completed.
Aspect applies equally to the present tense and the future tense.
Aspect applies equally to the present tense and the future tense.
Aspects
in Past, Present, and Future Tenses
Here is a table showing how the
different aspects are formed in the past, future, and future tenses:
|
Example
|
|
|
I went
|
|
|
I go
|
|
|
I will go
|
|
|
Example
|
|
|
I had gone
|
|
|
I have gone
|
|
|
I will have gone
|
|
|
Example
|
|
|
I was going
|
|
|
I am going
|
|
|
I will be going
|
|
|
Example
|
|
|
I had been going
|
|
|
I have been going
|
|
|
I will have been going
|
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